tost in Old Irish

IPA: /ˈt̪ost̪/ Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], tost [error-unrecognized-form], thost [error-unrecognized-form] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *tustus, from the same root as tóe. Several phonological peculiarities relating to the evolution of this term, such as irregular final -st (which should have become -s(s) /s/) and the initial consonant fluctuating between t- and s-, are probably due to contamination from its synonym, socht. This contamination intensified over time, giving birth to Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish forms like tocht and sosd. Etymology templates: {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*tustus}} Proto-Celtic *tustus Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive unattested||||||no plural|||-||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|altform=|cat2=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} tost m (genitive unattested, no plural), {{sga-noun|m|?|-}} tost m (genitive unattested, no plural) Inflection templates: {{sga-mutation}}

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "tost"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "tost"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "tost"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "tost"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "tost"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "tocht"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*tustus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tustus",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *tustus, from the same root as tóe. Several phonological peculiarities relating to the evolution of this term, such as irregular final -st (which should have become -s(s) /s/) and the initial consonant fluctuating between t- and s-, are probably due to contamination from its synonym, socht. This contamination intensified over time, giving birth to Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish forms like tocht and sosd.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tost",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thost",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "no plural",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "-",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive unattested",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tost m (genitive unattested, no plural)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "?",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "tost m (genitive unattested, no plural)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 13 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 10 1 0 0 0 7 13 1 8 13 15 11 0 0 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 13 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 9 1 0 0 0 11 12 1 12 12 14 10 0 0 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silence"
      ],
      "id": "en-tost-sga-noun-5sGP2-WX",
      "links": [
        [
          "silence",
          "silence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "socht"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "no-genitive",
        "no-plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt̪ost̪/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tost"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 13 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "tost"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "tost"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "tost"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "tost"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "tost"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "tocht"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*tustus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tustus",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *tustus, from the same root as tóe. Several phonological peculiarities relating to the evolution of this term, such as irregular final -st (which should have become -s(s) /s/) and the initial consonant fluctuating between t- and s-, are probably due to contamination from its synonym, socht. This contamination intensified over time, giving birth to Middle Irish and Early Modern Irish forms like tocht and sosd.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tost",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thost",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "no plural",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "-",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive unattested",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tost m (genitive unattested, no plural)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "?",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "tost m (genitive unattested, no plural)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Irish lemmas",
        "Old Irish masculine nouns",
        "Old Irish nouns",
        "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
        "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 13 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "silence",
          "silence"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "socht"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "no-genitive",
        "no-plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt̪ost̪/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tost"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: tost/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "tost"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "tost",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "tost"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "tost",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "tost"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "tost",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-01 using wiktextract (c8bd62c and a979ada). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"tost" meaning in Old Irish

Noun